From Theory To Practice: Designing A Stem- Based Iot Hydroponic Module For Enhanced Student Learning

Abstract

This paper presents the design and implementation of a Solar-Powered IoT Hydroponic Module developed as an educational training module aimed at deepening students’ understanding of STEM principles while connecting these concepts to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals SDGs. The program employed a feedback- driven, mixed-methods approach—combining direct performance assessment with structured participant reflections and surveys—to validate both technical proficiency and engagement. This paper presents the design, implementation, and immediate outcomes of the module, while a separate paper at this conference, titled 'Multi- Stakeholder Feedback Analysis of a Solar-Powered IoT Hydroponic STEM Module: Impact, Perceptions, and Optimization,' provides an in-depth analysis of the multi-stakeholder feedback. The module’s primary objective was to deliver a structured, hands-on learning experience centered on an IoT-enabled hydroponic module powered by renewable energy, thereby promoting STEM education alongside awareness of SDG 7 (Affordable and Clean Energy) and SDG 13 (Climate Action). Using a systematic and replicable methodology, the program integrated ESP32 microcontrollers, environmental sensors, solar energy components, and cloud-based monitoring platforms to create an accessible agricultural solution tailored for educational settings. Supported by the 2024 IEEE Region 10 Educational Activities Development Grant, the module was delivered through structured workshops involving secondary school and polytechnic students. Participants gained practical experience in hardware assembly, sensor integration, programming, and real-time data visualization using platforms such as ThingSpeak. A comprehensive assessment strategy combining direct performance evaluations with reflective feedback validated both technical proficiency and student engagement with IoT technologies, with over 90% of students rating their overall workshop experience as "Excellent" or "Good". The findings demonstrate that contextually relevant, experiential learning significantly enhances students’ technical skills and fosters positive attitudes toward emerging technologies. The module’s structure and methodology offer a practical framework that can be adapted for broader adoption in national TVET programs and diverse educational settings, making it a valuable resource for educators committed to integrating technology and sustainability in their curricula.