Flexural Behavior Of Tin Slag Polymer Concrete Under Three-Point Bending: An Experimental Study

Abstract

This research aims to investigate the flexural properties of tin slag polymer concrete (TSPC) as a sustainable alternative construction material. The primary objective is to assess the flexural strength, strain behavior, and failure modes of TSPC using experimental methods. TSPC specimens were prepared by mixing 70% fine tin slag particles (<1 mm) with 30% polyester resin and Methyl Ethyl Ketone Peroxide (MEKP) catalyst, then cast into prismatic beams (25×25×100 mm) and tested under three-point bending in accordance with ASTM C78. The results show that TSPC-S1 achieved the highest flexural strength (48.97 MPa) and strain (0.0137), while TSPC-S3 had the lowest values (37.26 MPa, 0.0081). On average, TSPC exhibited flexural strength of 44.87 MPa, modulus of elasticity of 6.22 GPa, and a brittle failure mode with minimal plastic deformation. All specimens showed uniform fracture surfaces and consistent crack patterns, reflecting material homogeneity and low ductility. Compared to conventional concrete (4–6 MPa), TSPC demonstrates up to tenfold improvement in flexural performance. In conclusion, TSPC offers high flexural strength but limited ductility, suggesting the need for reinforcement to improve energy absorption. The study confirms the potential of tin slag as a beneficial additive for enhancing polymer concrete in structural applications.